Artificial Intelligence in Self Driving Cars Research Paper

Introduction

The field of Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the newest areas in science and engineering. Intelligence can be measured in terms of rationality, indicate the ideal performance, or in terms of fidelity to human understanding. When explained in terms of thinking critically, AI is the desired outcome of human effort to make computers think, portrayed as machines with minds in the literal sense. When in action, AI is the art of developing machines that execute tasks which require human creativity. When described as reasoning, AI is the study of computer processes that make it possible to comprehend, think, and act. When illustrated as acting rationally, AI is the study that integrates intelligent behavior in artifacts.

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Artificial intelligence is exhibited by computational appliances and does not necessarily involve consciousness and emotions. Thus, AI is used to style computers that copy intellectual operations that people relate to a person’s mind, including studying and unraveling problems (Manoharan, 2019). Artificial intelligence has been subdivided into different fields, working independently and founded on technical concerns like particular objectives, e.g., robotics, using specific tools.

The modern abilities associated with artificial intelligence include:

• Human speech understanding.
• Completing higher levels in strategic gaming systems like chess.
• Imperfect information systems like self-driving cars and content supply networks, and military imitations.

AI techniques have gained a revival with increased computer ability and massive amounts of information in the twenty-first century. Artificial intelligence techniques have been incorporated in the technology industry, involved in solving computer science, operations research, and software engineering problems.

Autonomous vehicles have been researched and have been on the rise in recent years. They have been shown to offer many benefits to society, from improving traveling to supporting the environment’s safety. It is essential to consider that when AI vehicles can minimize human driving risks, the future will be realized if anticipatory research is conducted today (Manoharan, 2019). The paper aims at discussing the description of an AI vehicle, methodologies used in AI cars, practical analysis of the AI cars, the advantages and disadvantages, and future research about AI in self-driving cars.

Background

The aspect of autonomous cars may look to have an impossible future. Still, from the evolutionary path from Leonardo da Vinci’s invention to the current ones, there is hope that it could be achieved. Companies like Mercedes, Tesla, and Ford are competing to develop autonomous vehicles to transform the consumer world. (Batista, 2018). For instance, Ford has increased its investment by triple in its autonomous vehicle project and is conducting tests on 30 autonomous vehicles in California, Arizona, and Michigan, considered Ford Fusion hybrids.

History of Autonomous Vehicle Technology

Leonardo da Vinci was among the first people to practice Artificial intelligence about 1500 centuries before the automobile. He designed a cart that moved without exerting any force on it. Springs subjected to high tension generated power to the cart, and its steering was set in advance, and the cat moved along in an already determined path. In 1868, Robert Whitehead then invented a torpedo that was able to propel itself underwater(Batista, 2018). Later, under his guidance, it resulted in the development of other weapons and autonomous devices.

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In 1933 Mechanical Mike aircraft autopilot was designed by Gyroscope Co., who used Mechanical Mike as a prototype autopilot that fled a plane for 13000 miles around the universe and tracked the plane’s movement and integrated it with controls that ensured accurate direction. Teetor, an engineer in 1945, developed a cruise control which was aggravated by the fact that he experienced a rocking motion while driving a car with his lawyer. James Adams developed a self-driving wheeled vehicle in 1961 and was fitted with cameras, programmed to move in a specific solid white line on the ground (Batista, 2018). Currently, this technology has been observed to be vital in autonomous vehicle technology.

Tsukuba Mechanical engineering Company in Japan designed an autonomous passenger vehicle in 1977 that was capable of recognizing marki