Describe the physical, psychological, and emotional effects Mr. M.’s current health status may have on him. Discuss the impact it can have on his family. Discuss what interventions can be put into place to support Mr. M. and his family. Given Mr. M.’s current condition, discuss at least four actual or potential problems he faces. Provide rationale for each.

Describe the physical, psychological, and emotional effects Mr. M.’s current health status may have on him. Discuss the impact it can have on his family. Discuss what interventions can be put into place to support Mr. M. and his family. Given Mr. M.’s current condition, discuss at least four actual or potential problems he faces. Provide rationale for each.

Health problems such as obesity have immense health impacts on the affected populations. Nurses and other healthcare providers utilize patient-centered evidence-based interventions that enable patients to overcome obesity and its associated complications. Therefore, this paper explores a case study involving an obese patient. It explores health risks, prevention, health issues, and resources available for the patient.

Subjective and Objective Clinical Manifestations

Subjective clinical manifestations refer to the patient’s information about experience with a health problem. The subjective clinical manifestations in the case study include being always heavy even when he was a child, gaining about 100 pounds in the last 2-3 years, sleep apnea, high blood pressure, swollen ankles, shortness of breath with activity, and pruritus over the last six months. Objective clinical manifestations refer to the data that healthcare providers obtain during patient assessment. The objective clinical manifestations in the case study include obesity, hypertension, 3+ pitting edema on ankles and bilateral feet, hyperglycemia, hypercholesteremia, elevated triglyceride levels, and serum creatinine and BUN.

Health Risks

Mr. C is increasingly predisposed to health risks for obesity. One of them is diabetes. The client’s fasting blood sugar level is elevated, translating into either hm being diabetic or prediabetic. The other risk identified from the objective data is hypertension. The patient currently has elevated blood pressure. Obesity causes the deposition of fats in the arteries and other small blood vessels, which increase the risk of other cardiovascular complications such as atherosclerosis (Cercato & Fonseca, 2019). Mr. C is also at a high risk of developing stroke as a complication of cardiovascular events such as hypertension. The patient is also at a risk of kidney failure. His serum BUN and creatine levels are currently elevated, which imply that he has reduced renal functions (Stahl & Malhotra, 2022). The additional health risks that Mr. C is predisposed include obstructive sleep apnea and non-alcohol fatty liver disease.

Bariatric surgery is appropriate for Mr. C. Accordingly, obese patients with commodities are the ideal candidates for bariatric surgery. In addition, patients with a BMI of 40 kg/m2 or above without any medical problems and no excessive risk of bariatric surgery are also ideal candidates for the procedure. The other conditions that influence if a patient can undergo bariatric surgery include the presence of other conditions such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, asthma, severe urinary incontinence, venous stasis disease, and impaired quality of life would qualify to undergo bariatric surgery (Stahl & Malhotra, 2022). Mr. C meets most of these conditions, hence, bariatric surgery is ideal for him.

Functional Health Patterns

Mr. C has actual and potential health problems that should be prioritized in the nursing care plan. One of the actual health problems is activity intolerance related to excessive body weight gain as evidenced by his shortness of breath with activity. The implication is that his quality of life is lowered since he cannot engage independently in most activities of daily living such as exercising. The second actual health problem is impaired blood glucose control as evidenced by elevated blood glucose level. The elevated blood glucose levels predispose the patient to complications such as renal disease, hypoglycemia, and diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy. The third actual health problem from functional health patterns is impaired renal function as evidenced by elevated BUN and creatinine levels. The impairment could be attributed to hypertension and diabetes, which are due to obesity. This makes it necessary to implement interventions that aim at preserving optimum renal functioning. The fourth actual health problem is impaired cardiac function as evidenced by elevated blood pressure and other markers such as triglyceride and total cholesterol levels. Interventions that ensure optimum cardiac functioning should be adopted (Blüher, 2020). The last actual problem is altered sleep pattern as evidenced by the patient reporting obstructive sleep apnea. Cumulatively, these health problems affect Mr. C’s health and wellbeing.

Stages of Renal Disease

Renal disease occurs in stages that ultimately results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The first stage, stage 1 is characterized by glomerular filtration rate of above 90. This stage is asymptomatic but the kidneys may not be functioning optimally as expected. Stage 2 is characterized by glomerular filtration rate of 60-89. This stage is also asymptomatic and often