Human Case Study-Evaluating and Managing Integumentary Conditions.

Human Case Study-Evaluating and Managing Integumentary Conditions.

Physical Assessment of the Integumentary System

2 Integument means covering. Integument means covering. The skin and its accessory organs, hair, nails and glands comprise the integumentary system of the body. The skin and its accessory organs, hair, nails and glands comprise the integumentary system of the body. The skin is composed of several different tissue types and is considered an organ. The skin is composed of several different tissue types and is considered an organ.Human Case Study-Evaluating and Managing Integumentary Conditions.

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3 Functions of the Integument Protection Protection Physical Barrier Physical Barrier Perception Perception Temperature Regulation Temperature Regulation Identification Identification Communication Communication

4 Functions of the Integument continued Wound Repair Wound Repair Absorption Absorption Excretion Excretion Vitamin D Production Vitamin D Production

5 The Three Layers of the Integument Epidermis – the outermost layer of the skin, made of stratified squamous epithelium. Epidermis – the outermost layer of the skin, made of stratified squamous epithelium. Dermis – the inner layer of the skin, made of dense fibrous connective tissue. Dermis – the inner layer of the skin, made of dense fibrous connective tissue. Subcutaneous tissue – thick, fat-containing tissue. Below the skin; the tissues between the dermis and the muscles. Subcutaneous tissue – thick, fat-containing tissue. Below the skin; the tissues between the dermis and the muscles.Human Case Study-Evaluating and Managing Integumentary Conditions.

6 Epidermal Appendages Hair is threads of keratin Hair is threads of keratin Sebaceous glands secrete the oil, sebum Sebaceous glands secrete the oil, sebum Sweat glands Sweat glands –Eccrine glands secrete sweat –Apocrine glands secrete thicker, milky secretion as in anogenital, nipples, and illae areas Nails are hardened keratin Nails are hardened keratin.Human Case Study-Evaluating and Managing Integumentary Conditions.

7 Receptors in the skin The sensory receptors in the dermis are for cutaneous sensations which include: touch, pressure, heat, cold, and pain. The sensory receptors in the dermis are for cutaneous sensations which include: touch, pressure, heat, cold, and pain. The purpose of sensory receptors is to provide the CNS with information about the external environment and its effect on the skin. The purpose of sensory receptors is to provide the CNS with information about the external environment and its effect on the skin.Human Case Study-Evaluating and Managing Integumentary Conditions.

8 Interview Chief Complaint Chief Complaint –Recent Changes –Pruritus (itching) – Dryness (xerosis) – Rashes (identify primary site, migration, pattern and evolution –Lesions –Ecchymoses (bruising) –Masses or lumps Symptom analysis Symptom analysis –Pages 225-229, Jarvis

9 Interview (cont.) Past Health History Past Health History –Example: Immunologic, Endocrine, Collagen, Vascular, Renal, Hepatic Immunologic, Endocrine, Collagen, Vascular, Renal, Hepatic –Previous exposure to insects, infectious disease –Previous trauma & surgical intervention –History of past allergic reactions.Human Case Study-Evaluating and Managing Integumentary Conditions.

10 Interview (cont.) Medications Medications –Sensitivities –Photosensitizing drugs –Ask about self treatment with herbal remedies Allergies Allergies –Medications & Foods

11 Interview (cont.) Family Health History Family Health History –Helps determine genetic predisposition to skin disorders Psychosocial History Psychosocial History –Particularly important in long-term & chronic processes. –Determine & correct any misconceptions about skin problems.Human Case Study-Evaluating and Managing Integumentary Conditions.

12 Interview (cont.) Diet Diet –Excessive dryness may indicate Vitamin A deficiency. Occupation & Travel Occupation & Travel –What have they been exposed to. Habits Habits –Frequency of hygiene practices. –Exercise & Sleep Patterns Affects circulation, nourishment, & repair of the skin. Affects circulation, nourishment, & repair of the skin. –Is there prolonged exposure to sun, unusual cold, or other skin damaging conditions.Human Case Study-Evaluating and Managing Integumentary Conditions.

13 Dermatologic Assessment History Chief complaint