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Overview and Significance of the Practice Issue
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Cervical cancer is a critical public health concern in not only the US but also other global states too. The statistics from ICO and IARC shows that about 14065 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer with 5266 dying from it in America on an annual basis. Cervical cancer has been ranked as the 14th leading frequent cancer affecting women in the USA. The crude incidence rate of the disease in the US is estimated to be 6.5% while its cumulative risk in individuals aged between 0 and 74 years is 0.6% (ICO/IARC, 2018). The disease burden of cervical cancer is high. The affected women are predisposed to poor quality of life due to increased demands of the disease. Patients also incur significant costs due to the increased need for frequent hospitalizations, hospital visits, and loss of productivity (Arbyn et al., 2019).
Screening is an effective tool that is used to reduce the prevalence and incidence rate of cervical cancer in women. Women aged between 20 and 30 years have been shown to be highly vulnerable to cervical cancer. However, their uptake and utilization of cervical cancer screening services is low. Factors such as stigmatization, lack of awareness, and fear towards cervical cancer screening have been identified to hinder women in this age group to utilize cervical cancer screening (Kong et al., 2019). Poor uptake of cervical cancer screening services among women in this age group have adverse implications on their health. They include the late diagnosis of cervical cancer and its associated poor prognosis in treatment. The mortality rate in advanced stages of cervical cancer is usually high due to its metastasis (Oluwole et al., 2017). Nurses have a critical role to play in educating women aged between 20 and 30 years on the benefits of cervical cancer screening. They dispel the false information about cancer screening to influence them utilize their services (Li et al., 2020). Through this role, nurses can address stigma associated with cervical cancer and increase the uptake and utilization of cervical cancer screening by women of this age group. |
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PICOT Statement
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Does the provision of education on the need for cervical cancer screening by the nurses compared to no education reduce the stigmatization and improve the uptake on cervical cancer screening among the women aged between 20 and 30 years with six months? |
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Proposed Intervention and Expected Outcome
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The proposed intervention entails the provision of education on the need for cervical cancer screening by nurses to women aged between 20 and 30 years. The provision of education is anticipated to increase the level of awareness and attitude that women aged between 20 and 30 years have towards cervical cancer screening. The increase in the level of awareness is anticipated to result in the behavioral transformation where the women will adopt screening services for cervical cancer. The anticipated outcomes of the project will be varied. They will include the increase in the knowledge of the women about cervical cancer screening. It is also expected that the attitude that women have towards cervical cancer screening will improve. There is also the anticipated increase in the utilization of the cervical cancer screening by women aged between 20 and 30 years. Lastly, it is estimated that the stigma associated with cervical cancer screening among the target group will be eliminated.
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Synthesis of Evidence to Support the Proposed Intervention
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Studies have evaluated the effectiveness of health education on the increased uptake of screening services for different cancers including cervical cancer. The study Li et al., (2020) investigated the effect of nurse led interventions that included education, counseling, and patient reminders on the uptake of cancer screening services. The study showed a significant improvements in the uptake rates of screening services that included mammography, clinical breast examination, colonoscopy, and regular breast self-examinat
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