Nursing is one of the most important careers in human healthcare. The profession has led to the employment of thousands of qualified nurses. This line of work complements other professions in healthcare to ensure that patients get the best care. Just like most other professions, theories have been developed to guide the practice of nursing care. These premises have been put in place because of experience in the management of different conditions and interpersonal interaction. In addition to the theories that are utilised in nursing care, nursing researchers described four metaparadigms, namely patient, nurse, environment, and health. The interaction of these metaparadigms led to the development of nursing as a professional occupation. The metaparadigms are also applied in the daily personal application of nursing care. This paper looks at the four basic nursing metaparadigms, the application of scientific concepts, and statements that clearly connect the concepts. The paper also provides the propositions that link with the theories and concepts.
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The four basic metaparadigms of patient, nurse, health, and the environment in nursing are applied in the personal practice of nursing care (Thorne, Canam, Dahinten, Hall, Henderson, & Kirkham, 1998). Patients are considered an important part of nursing as the main players in their health. The personal approach to patients in the nursing metaparadigms is that of a partner. According to most researchers, human beings are energy sources who should be treated in a holistic manner (Mason, 2014). The management of patients in nursing should focus on mending all areas where the patient may demonstrate a deficiency, including the physical, social, and spiritual areas. The management of any patient should also take a multidimensional approach.
The concept of considering patients in a humane manner during their management allows nurses to practice empathy and care while at the same time engaging the patient in a constructive communication and language. In the personal practice of nursing, human beings are viewed as sources of respect. They are allowed to make informed choices. Patients are generally considered in the intellectual, physical, psychological, socio-cultural, and spiritual dimensions (Thorne et al., 1998). The above dimensions of human beings are also the stages of development. Hence, human beings should be treated in a manner that respects all their dimensions (Thorne et al., 1998). Any client in nursing can be viewed as an open system that is in a constant change. Therefore, the management considerations should be carried out in a changing environment to coincide with these changes. Any interaction between the nurse and a member of the society is a chance to use the available experience in management and the exercise of the above metaparadigm.
The environment is also a significant part of nursing care for any patient. It is considered in the daily management of any patient. According to Lopes (2008), the environment is the area within which human social experience takes place. Variations in time, space, and quality of the environment determine the treatment and nursing care of any patients. Hence, the personal consideration of the environment is crucial to patients. Nursing of patients considers their personal space and social interactions among other national and global factors. The societal beliefs of patients are addressed in their management as a personal preference. Values, morals, customs, and expectations of the patients are respected, with the result being the positive performance of patients. The contemplation of these environmental factors is important in the holistic management of patients.
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The other factor that is taken as part of the nursing metaparadigms is the health of the patients who are being taken care of. Health can be viewed as the wellbeing of individuals, with some researchers stating that it is simply the absence of illness (Thorne et al., 1998). The wellbeing of patients can usually be addressed in the social, physical, and spiritual realms. The provision of care ensures that the health of patients is maintained in all these dimensions. The health of patients under personal care is given priority.
The fourth personally practiced metaparadigm of nursing is a nursing practice. As a profession, nursing is significant in the manag
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