Phenomenon of Interest Paper Helen Nguyen College of Nursing, University of South Alabama NU 607: Scientific Underpinnings of Advanced Nursing Practice

Postpartum depression (PPD) represents perinatal mood disorders that can begin during pregnancy or take place just a few weeks after childbirth. While women are less likely than men to experience alcoholism and other addictive behaviors, they are more likely to suffer from depression and anxiety. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that PPD affects an estimated 13% of women within one year of delivery (WHO, 2015). PPD is considered the most common complication related to childbirth, and its impact is widespread and it undoubtedly affects the health of many new mothers, infants, and families (Stewart & Vigod, 2016). However, since PPD comes in different forms and expressions, the disease is mostly unrecognized and untreated for a long time. Other barriers to care include social stigma, language barriers, inability to identify one’s own problem, and providers' lack of awareness related to the condition. Early recognition of symptoms, along with the proper treatment approach among healthcare providers, will help improve patient-centered care and promote positive health outcomes for both the mother and the baby. Background and Significance Pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum are often the most exciting and rewarding periods in a woman's life. However, with new responsibilities and changes that are affecting both the mental and physical health of new mothers could lead to the disabling mental disorder called postpartum depression. Major risk factors for PPD include very young mothers, those with glucose metabolism disorders, those from lower socioeconomic levels, and women who have untreated anxiety or depression prenatal (Field, 2017). Furthermore, reckless behaviors like substance abuse and smoking during pregnancy are associated with an increased incidence of PPD to almost twice as much (NIMH, 2019). The majority of new mothers’ reported symptoms of

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