QUESTION Physical environment as a risk factor for functional decline in older patients

QUESTION Physical environment as a risk factor for functional decline in older patients

ANSWER

The physical environment of the patient has been shown to be a risk factor for functional decline in older patients. It is thought that the older a person gets, the more likely they are to experience difficulties with their health and in their ability to function independently. These problems may stem from changes in neural activity or from changes in the brain’s ability to process information.

These changes can happen gradually over time, but sometimes they can be sudden and unexpected. For example, if a patient has been living in a home which has poor lighting, or if they have been exposed to toxic chemicals or other environmental hazards, these factors could lead to decreased cognitive function and increased risk for falls.

It is important for doctors to be aware of these risks so that they can begin treatment before any damage has occurred.

Researchers also identified other factors that could contribute to the risk of cognitive decline: sleep quality, exercise and social engagement. Patients who were able to participate in regular physical activity or had good sleep quality were less likely to experience cognitive decline as they aged.

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There are many things that can be done to minimize this risk. First and foremost, one can make sure that their home is stocked with the necessities needed to live independently, such as toiletries and food. Second, they should be encouraged to engage in physical activity as often as possible. Third, they should be given opportunities to socialize with other people who are also in their older years.

In addition to these measures, it is important for older adults to plan ahead for any medical issues that may arise during old age or that may affect their ability to function independently at home or elsewhere.