| Safety | Observed/Not Observed | Neighborhood | Relationship to Social Determinants of Health | Evidence-Based Rationale (How Safety Impacts Health) |
| Police Presence | Observed | By foot in Casper Park and Acer Tech and in vehicle in Nightingale Square. In the Industrial Heights seen in foot patrols and police vehicle patrols. | Police are actively patrolling to ensure safety and security in the region. However, heavy police presence in Industrial Heights may imply police brutality since it is an area inhabited by ethnic minority groups. | Police enhance safety by deterring any issues such as crimes and harm to the public in the community (Grinshteyn et al., 2018). However, they can also contribute to safety and security concerns in case of selective application of justice. |
| Signs of Criminal Activity | Not observed | Not observed | ||
| Graffiti | Observed | Graffiti observed in abandoned buildings in Acer Tech Center and Casper Park District. | Graffiti is an indication of bad neighborhood. It may be associated with high crime rates and poor living conditions. The environment is also associated with ethnic minority groups, hence, inadequate social amenities and access to quality healthcare. | Evidence associates graffiti with high crime rates. It also affects the development of its inhabitants since children tend to grow feeling insecure with their environments due to the perceived restricted environment for positive socialization. |
| Street Lighting | Observed | Street lighting was seen in Casper Park District and Acer Tech Center. | Street lighting promotes safety and security. | Adequate street lightning is important in preventing crimes. The community members are assured of their safety since incidents such as nighttime attacks and robberies are eliminated ( Chalfin et al., 2022). |
| Crime Rates | – | Crime rate in Sentinel City is 3605 per 100000 while that of violence crime rate is 311.1 per 100000. Nightingale Square has the lowest crime rate with Industrial Heights and Casper Park District having the highest crime rates. | Crime rate is a crucial indicator of health status of a community. A high crime rate predisposes the population to health risks such as injuries from attacks and robberies. Community members also have limited mobility due to the fear of safety and security issues in their neighboring communities. | Crimes and violence can cause premature deaths or non-fatal injuries. Victims of crimes and violence often suffer mentally, physically, and emotionally. They are predisposed to social isolation, post-traumatic stress disorder, and reduced quality of life. Therefore, eliminating crime and violence is important for optimal health and functioning of the population (Burt et al., 2022). |
| Other |
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